Historical Calendar. National Historical Institute, Manila, 1996.
1596
King Felipe II gives the city of Manila a second coat-of-arms. It is more to the liking of the Spaniards than the first.
1784
Gov.-Gen. Jose Basco y Vargas issues a decree forbidding the confiscation of farmers' lands, carabaos, and farm implements by creditors, as well as the farmer's arrest or imprisonment while planting or harvesting their crops.
1896
Andres Bonifacio decrees that all town presidents of the Katipunan districts must hand in their collections to their respective provincial presidents who, in turn, must submit them to the supreme government of the Katipunan.
1899
Commanded by Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo, 25,000 well-armed revolutionary troops construct trenches at Marilao. His disciplined soldiers keep an impressive line of defense that stretches all the way from Marilao to Malolos.
In Malolos, Bulacan, “El Heraldo Filipino,” a newspaper of the Philippine Revolutionary Government, publishes the letter of Premier Apolinario Mabini to Don Galicano Apacible, chairman of the Filipino Junta in Hongkong. It reads in part: "The American soldiers, with their variety of arms, up to now cannot be said to have surpassed us in strength; and although they have made gains, they had difficulty in obtaining them. They will try to capture Malolos, believing perhaps that once Malolos falls, the war will end; not thinking that this is as great a mistake as in the case of the other territories they have captured. The people greatly desire to use guerrilla warfare in the hope of infiltrating the provinces. Since they are more or less scattered, it will be easy to destroy (the Americans), troop by troop.”
1900
Gen. Manuel Tinio orders the execution of all revolutionary officials who fail to report to the nearest guerrilla commander the movements and plans of the American imperialist troops.
King Felipe II gives the city of Manila a second coat-of-arms. It is more to the liking of the Spaniards than the first.
1784
Gov.-Gen. Jose Basco y Vargas issues a decree forbidding the confiscation of farmers' lands, carabaos, and farm implements by creditors, as well as the farmer's arrest or imprisonment while planting or harvesting their crops.
1896
Andres Bonifacio decrees that all town presidents of the Katipunan districts must hand in their collections to their respective provincial presidents who, in turn, must submit them to the supreme government of the Katipunan.
1899
Commanded by Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo, 25,000 well-armed revolutionary troops construct trenches at Marilao. His disciplined soldiers keep an impressive line of defense that stretches all the way from Marilao to Malolos.
In Malolos, Bulacan, “El Heraldo Filipino,” a newspaper of the Philippine Revolutionary Government, publishes the letter of Premier Apolinario Mabini to Don Galicano Apacible, chairman of the Filipino Junta in Hongkong. It reads in part: "The American soldiers, with their variety of arms, up to now cannot be said to have surpassed us in strength; and although they have made gains, they had difficulty in obtaining them. They will try to capture Malolos, believing perhaps that once Malolos falls, the war will end; not thinking that this is as great a mistake as in the case of the other territories they have captured. The people greatly desire to use guerrilla warfare in the hope of infiltrating the provinces. Since they are more or less scattered, it will be easy to destroy (the Americans), troop by troop.”
1900
Gen. Manuel Tinio orders the execution of all revolutionary officials who fail to report to the nearest guerrilla commander the movements and plans of the American imperialist troops.
1611
The King orders Governor Silva to restrain, as prudently as possible, the arrogance of the religious; to check evasions of commercial laws and to pass certain regulations regarding the Mexican trade; to continue to forbid the Japanese from residing the islands; and to stop the military training of Filipinos.
1751
Death Fray Juan Arrechederra who became Governor in September 21, 1745, quelled the insurrection in Batangas, and fortified Manila and Cavite against the English.
1835
At the first meeting of the second session of the Spanish Cortes, D. Juan Francisco Lecaros and D. Andres Garcia Camba, representatitives-elect from the Philippines, present their credentials.
1839
Birth of Mariano Sevilla, clergyman, educator, religious writer, founder of the Colegio de la Sagrada Familia, publisher editor of El Catolico Filipino, in Sta. Ines, Bulacan, Bulacan. Died on November 23, 1923.
1889
The Becerra law, named after the overseas Minister (Ministro de Ultramar), is approved. It gives to the towns of Cebu, Iloilo, Jaro, Batangas, Albay, Nueva Caceres, and Vigan the right to organize Ayuntamiento similar to those of the municipalities of Spain.
1898
A provisional government is established by the inhabitants in Negros with Aniceto Lacson, President; and Jose Luis Luzuriaga, Vice-President; and Jose Luis Luzuriaga, Vice-President of the Congress in Negros.
1899
Tarlac is captured by the American forces.
A council of war is held at Bayambang, Pangasinan, to decide the continuation of the Philippine-American War through guerilla warfare. It is attended by General Emilio Aguinaldo and other Filipino military leaders.
1943
The U.S. Congress passes Joint Resolution No. 25 extending the terms of office of the President and Vice-President of the Commonwealth until the President of the United States shall have proclaimed the restoration of constitutional processes and the normal functions of the government in the Philippines.
1871
Birth of Juan Cailles, soldier, politician, in Nasugbu, Batangas. Died on June 28, 1951.
1896
Candido Tria Tirona, revolutionary general, secretary of war in the Magdalo revolutionary council, dies in action during the Battle of Binakayan, at Kawit, Cavite.
1899
Filipinas Ante Europa, a newspaper published in Madrid with Isabelo de los Reyes as editor, comes out for the first time.
1900
Lt. Colonel John S. Mallory, military attaché in Peking reports to the Secretary of War that the Hongkong Committee has, as of October 1900, the following arms ready for delivery to the Philippine Government: 5,000 rifles, 2,000 revolvers, 3,000 swords, 50,000 rounds of ammunition, thirty guns, four tons of gunpowder, and 100 bombs.
1902
Puerto Galera is made capital of the province of Mindoro by Public Act No. 500.
Captain Robert G. Ofley is appointed first American Civil Governor of Mindoro.
Public Act No. 499 is passed by the Philippine Commission annexing the province of Marinduque to the province of Tayabas.
1906
The Governor-General is authorized to free prisoners on parole.
1616
Fr. Bernardo de Santa Catalina, one of the first Dominican missionaries who arrived in Manila, dies in Lal-loc, Nueva Segovia.
1762
British forces capture Pasig after occupying Manila.
1899
San Jose, Nueva Ecija is captured by the American troops without any resistance.
1947
The first election under the Republic is held for local officials and eight senators.
1611
The King orders Governor Silva to restrain, as prudently as possible, the arrogance of the religious; to check evasions of commercial laws and to pass certain regulations regarding the Mexican trade; to continue to forbid the Japanese from residing the islands; and to stop the military training of Filipinos.
1751
Death Fray Juan Arrechederra who became Governor in September 21, 1745, quelled the insurrection in Batangas, and fortified Manila and Cavite against the English.
1835
At the first meeting of the second session of the Spanish Cortes, D. Juan Francisco Lecaros and D. Andres Garcia Camba, representatitives-elect from the Philippines, present their credentials.
1839
Birth of Mariano Sevilla, clergyman, educator, religious writer, founder of the Colegio de la Sagrada Familia, publisher editor of El Catolico Filipino, in Sta. Ines, Bulacan, Bulacan. Died on November 23, 1923.
1889
The Becerra law, named after the overseas Minister (Ministro de Ultramar), is approved. It gives to the towns of Cebu, Iloilo, Jaro, Batangas, Albay, Nueva Caceres, and Vigan the right to organize Ayuntamiento similar to those of the municipalities of Spain.
1898
A provisional government is established by the inhabitants in Negros with Aniceto Lacson, President; and Jose Luis Luzuriaga, Vice-President; and Jose Luis Luzuriaga, Vice-President of the Congress in Negros.
1899
Tarlac is captured by the American forces.
A council of war is held at Bayambang, Pangasinan, to decide the continuation of the Philippine-American War through guerilla warfare. It is attended by General Emilio Aguinaldo and other Filipino military leaders.
1943
The U.S. Congress passes Joint Resolution No. 25 extending the terms of office of the President and Vice-President of the Commonwealth until the President of the United States shall have proclaimed the restoration of constitutional processes and the normal functions of the government in the Philippines.
The King orders Governor Silva to restrain, as prudently as possible, the arrogance of the religious; to check evasions of commercial laws and to pass certain regulations regarding the Mexican trade; to continue to forbid the Japanese from residing the islands; and to stop the military training of Filipinos.
1751
Death Fray Juan Arrechederra who became Governor in September 21, 1745, quelled the insurrection in Batangas, and fortified Manila and Cavite against the English.
1835
At the first meeting of the second session of the Spanish Cortes, D. Juan Francisco Lecaros and D. Andres Garcia Camba, representatitives-elect from the Philippines, present their credentials.
1839
Birth of Mariano Sevilla, clergyman, educator, religious writer, founder of the Colegio de la Sagrada Familia, publisher editor of El Catolico Filipino, in Sta. Ines, Bulacan, Bulacan. Died on November 23, 1923.
1889
The Becerra law, named after the overseas Minister (Ministro de Ultramar), is approved. It gives to the towns of Cebu, Iloilo, Jaro, Batangas, Albay, Nueva Caceres, and Vigan the right to organize Ayuntamiento similar to those of the municipalities of Spain.
1898
A provisional government is established by the inhabitants in Negros with Aniceto Lacson, President; and Jose Luis Luzuriaga, Vice-President; and Jose Luis Luzuriaga, Vice-President of the Congress in Negros.
1899
Tarlac is captured by the American forces.
A council of war is held at Bayambang, Pangasinan, to decide the continuation of the Philippine-American War through guerilla warfare. It is attended by General Emilio Aguinaldo and other Filipino military leaders.
1943
The U.S. Congress passes Joint Resolution No. 25 extending the terms of office of the President and Vice-President of the Commonwealth until the President of the United States shall have proclaimed the restoration of constitutional processes and the normal functions of the government in the Philippines.
1779
Fray Miguel Garcia, Bishop of Nueva Segovia, dies at Vigan.
1849
Governor Narciso Claveria decrees a change of Filipino surnames to Spanish surnames
1858
Birth of General Martin Teofilo Delgado, revolutionary leader in Visayas and Mindanao, in Santa Barbara, Iloilo. Died on November 12, 1918.
1896
General Aguinaldo repulses the Spanish forces in the Battle of Binakayan, Kawit, Cavite. It was one of the greatest victories won by the Filipinos during the Revolution.
1902
A commission is created to secure, organize and conduct an exhibit of Philippine products, manufactures, art, ethnology and education at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. Louis, in 1904.
1909
Inauguration of Governor-General William Cameron Forbes.
1941
Manuel L. Quezon and Sergio Osmeña are re-elected President and Vice-President of the Philippines, respectively, in the Second Commonwealth election.
1944
The U.S. Carrier Task Force attacks Ormoc Bay, Leyte.
1871
Birth of Juan Cailles, soldier, politician, in Nasugbu, Batangas. Died on June 28, 1951.
1896
Candido Tria Tirona, revolutionary general, secretary of war in the Magdalo revolutionary council, dies in action during the Battle of Binakayan, at Kawit, Cavite.
1899
Filipinas Ante Europa, a newspaper published in Madrid with Isabelo de los Reyes as editor, comes out for the first time.
1900
Lt. Colonel John S. Mallory, military attaché in Peking reports to the Secretary of War that the Hongkong Committee has, as of October 1900, the following arms ready for delivery to the Philippine Government: 5,000 rifles, 2,000 revolvers, 3,000 swords, 50,000 rounds of ammunition, thirty guns, four tons of gunpowder, and 100 bombs.
1902
Puerto Galera is made capital of the province of Mindoro by Public Act No. 500.
Captain Robert G. Ofley is appointed first American Civil Governor of Mindoro.
Public Act No. 499 is passed by the Philippine Commission annexing the province of Marinduque to the province of Tayabas.
1906
The Governor-General is authorized to free prisoners on parole.
1774
King Charles II promulgates a royal ordering the secularization of all parishes as soon as they become vacant.
1827
Birth of Teodora Alonzo, mother of Dr. Jose Rizal. Died on August 23, 1991.
1855
Birth of General Mariano Llanera, revolutionary general, and leader of the "first cry of Neuva Ecija," in Cabiao Nueva Ecija. Died on September 19, 1942.
1861
Birth of Teodoro R. Yangco, shipping man, business magnate, philanthropist, in San Antonio, Zambales. Died April 20, 1939.
1892
Ramon Basa, second President of the Katipunan, is initiated into this organization, adopting the symbolic name Liwanag.
1926
Governor Leonard Wood abolishes the Board of Control on the ground that it is unconstitutional since its powers properly belong only to the Chief Executive.
1937
The Institute of National Language recommends Tagalog to the basis of the national language.
1616
Fr. Bernardo de Santa Catalina, one of the first Dominican missionaries who arrived in Manila, dies in Lal-loc, Nueva Segovia.
1762
British forces capture Pasig after occupying Manila.
1899
San Jose, Nueva Ecija is captured by the American troops without any resistance.
1947
The first election under the Republic is held for local officials and eight senators.
1751
Don Pedro Enriquez, an auditor of the Royal Audiencia of the Philippine Islands, reports what he has done for the pacification of the villages of Taguig, Hagonoy, Parañaque, Bacoor, Cavite Viejo, which revolted due to agrarian troubles: the proclamation of a general pardon and a promise that their complaints will be heard and justice done.
1891
La Ilustracion Filipina publishes its first issue with eight pages and a four-page cover, in two columns in cuarto. The founder is Jose de Zaragosa.
1898
The liberators of Negros, assembled in Bacolor, promulgate a constitution and establish the Provisional Revolutionary Government with Aniceto Lacson, President; Juan Araneta, Secretary of War; Eusebio Luzuriaga, Secretary of Treasury; Simeon Lizares, Secretary of Interior; Nicolas Golez, Secretary of Fomento; Antonio Jayme, Secretary of Justice; Agustin Amenablar, Secretary of Agriculture and Commerce; and Melecio Severino, Executive Secretary.
1899
General Lloyd Wheaton lands on Lingayen beach to cut off the retreat of General Emilio Aguinaldo.
1901
The Liberal Party meets in Manila affirming its annexationist policy.
1918
The Philippine Legislature passes a concurrent resolution creating a Commission of Independence for the purpose of studying ways and means of securing independence.
Don Pedro Enriquez, an auditor of the Royal Audiencia of the Philippine Islands, reports what he has done for the pacification of the villages of Taguig, Hagonoy, Parañaque, Bacoor, Cavite Viejo, which revolted due to agrarian troubles: the proclamation of a general pardon and a promise that their complaints will be heard and justice done.
1891
La Ilustracion Filipina publishes its first issue with eight pages and a four-page cover, in two columns in cuarto. The founder is Jose de Zaragosa.
1898
The liberators of Negros, assembled in Bacolor, promulgate a constitution and establish the Provisional Revolutionary Government with Aniceto Lacson, President; Juan Araneta, Secretary of War; Eusebio Luzuriaga, Secretary of Treasury; Simeon Lizares, Secretary of Interior; Nicolas Golez, Secretary of Fomento; Antonio Jayme, Secretary of Justice; Agustin Amenablar, Secretary of Agriculture and Commerce; and Melecio Severino, Executive Secretary.
1899
General Lloyd Wheaton lands on Lingayen beach to cut off the retreat of General Emilio Aguinaldo.
1901
The Liberal Party meets in Manila affirming its annexationist policy.
1918
The Philippine Legislature passes a concurrent resolution creating a Commission of Independence for the purpose of studying ways and means of securing independence.
1574
Rajah Lakandula, King of Tondo, and uncle of Soliman, leads an uprising protesting the Spaniards' ill-treatment of his countrymen.
1870
A decree is promulgated on the recommendation of the Minister of the Colonies, Segismundo Moret, creating the Philippine Institute, a school of secondary instruction and dissolving existing colleges, like San Juan de Letran, San Jose, Ateneo Municipal, Nautical Academy, and Academy of Design, Painting and Accounting and Languages which are to be merged with the new institute. The Normal School is to remain separate.
1898
In the house of Jose Luzuriaga in Bacolod, Negros Occidental, a group of Spaniards and Filipinos are gathered to write finis to Spanish rule in the province. They sign in capitulation papers of Bacolod, turning over the city to the Revolution.
1899
The Republic of Negros, which was formed on July 22, 1899, is inaugurated.
General Wheaton sets sail from Manila to Lingayen Gulf, with 2,500 men of the 13th Regular and 33rd Volunteer Infantry and lands the next day at San Fabian.
1902
The Court of Land Registration is established for the adjudication, registration and guaranteeing of land titles in the Philippines and new notarial system is instituted.
Pedro A. Paterno founds the Liberal Party.
1906
The majority of the seats in the provincial boards are made elective.
1934
Delegate Filemon Sotto reports the first drafts of the Constitution to the convention for its consideration.
1698
Archbishop Camacho issues an order which specifies the fees to be collected for the administration of the sacraments.
1739
Governor Gaspar de la Torre lays the cornerstone of the Franciscan church in Sampaloc, Manila.
1762
A decree is issued by the British authorities declaring Anda and his followers to be rebels.
1786
A Royal decree is issued for the monopoly of gun-powder in the Philippines.
1805
The Governor of Zamboanga, Francisco Bayot, concludes a treaty of peace with Mohamad Ali Mudin, sultan of Jolo, in which the later agreed that foreigners cannot reside in his dominions without the consent of the Spanish government, and in case of war, that his port will be closed to enemies of Spain.
1897
Aguinaldo authorizes Pedro A. Paterno "to enter into harmonious relations with the Spanish government, giving him full powers to determine, fix, and receive the total sum of funds or values which the Spanish government will grant us."
1898
The Republic of Negros is proclaimed in the town of Bago by the Revolutionary forces led by General Juan Anacleto Araneta and Aniceto Lacson.
A telegram is received appraising the Filipino agents at Yokohama that arms are needed very badly by the Revolutionary Government.
1905
Governor Luke E. Wright leaves the Philippines.
1944
The U.S. Carrier Task Force attacks Luzon today and again on the 6th, 13th, 14th, 19th and 25th of this month.
Franklin D. Roosevelt is elected President of the United States for the fourth time.
1762
The British authorities issue a proclamation permitting the Filipino residents of Tondo (Manila) the free exercise of the Catholic religion, exempting them from the tribute and forced labor, and granting them other rights enjoyed by British subjects, on condition that they immediately renounce the allegiance they have pledged to Governor Anda.
1835
British of Lorenzo Guerrero, painter and teacher of the great Filipino masters of the 19th century, in Ermita, Manila. Died on April 8, 1904.
1841
Execution of Apolinario de la Cruz, religious leader and martyr.
1873
Birth of Jaime de Veyra, patriot, statesman, scholar and journalist, in Tanauan, Leyte. Died on March 7, 1963.
1901
Sedition Law, Act No. 292, is passed by the Philippine Commission to suppress agitations for Philippine independence.
1762
Outbreak of the Pangasinan revolt under the leadership of Juan de la Cruz Palaris (born Pantaleon Perez). The revolt spreads to the towns of Mangaldan, Calasiao, Dagupan, San Jacinto, Sta. Barbara, Manaoag, Bayambang, Malasiqui, and Paniqui.
1882
Jose Rizal enrolls in the Universidad Central de Madrid.
1896
Execution of Honorato Onrubia y Herrera, Filipino official of the government lighthouse service, at Bagumbayan, Manila.
Dr. Jose Rizal arrives in Manila on board the transport "Colon" and is taken under custody to Fort Santiago.
1897
Consul Rounsevelle Wildman, of Hongkong, sends a confidential report to Washington relating to Felipe Agoncillo's proposal for a Filipino-American alliance directed against Spain. Agoncillo wants to buy 20,000 guns and 200,000 pounds of ammunition from the United States and expresses his willingness to meet with American leaders in Washington, if Wildman agrees.
1898
In a letter, Roque Lopez, leader of Panay patriots, urges Aniceto Lacson to arouse the Negros people to join the revolution.
1900
The port of Boac, the only port used in Marinduque during the Spanish regime, is closed to commerce by the American military authorities.
1762
Dawsonne Drake assumes office as British Governor of the Philippines.
1542
Ruy Lopez de Villalobos starts his expedition to the Philippines from Navidad, Mexico, later giving the same "Felipinas" to the archipelago, in honor of the crown prince, Don Felipe of Spain, afterwards known as Felipe II. He carries official instructions to colonize the Western Islands, establish trade relations, preach the Christian religion, and avoid going to the Moluccas in deference to Portuguese rights.
1565
The people of Mactan, conquerors of Magellan and his men, in 1521, continue to defy Spain. To subdue them, Legaspi sends an expedition under Master-of-Camp Mateo de Saez and Captain Martin de Goiti. This expedition puts Mactan to the torch. The people of Mactan retaliate by raiding the Spanish settlements in Cebu and burning more than 20 Spanish houses.
1849
Birth of Valentin Diaz, treasurer of the Katipunan, in Paoay, Ilocos Norte.
1856
Birth of Toribio Antillon, painter, in San Juan, La Union. Died on September 19, 1913.
1859
Macaturin Volcano, in Cotabato, erupts. This eruption is considered the longest in the Philippines, having lasted almost uninterruptedly, from November 1, 1859 to March, 1960,
1897
The Biyak-na-bata Republic is established. Its officials are Emilio Aguinaldo, President; Mariano Trias, Vice-President; Isabelo Artacho, Secretary of the Interior; Antonio Montenegro, Secretary of Foreign Affairs; Baldomero Aguinaldo, Secretary of Treasury, and Emiliano Riego de Dios, Secretary of War. Its constitution declares that the aim of the Revolution is "the separation of the Philippines from the Spanish monarchy and its formation into an independent state," and includes a bill of rights to safeguard the individual liberties of the people.
1898
Rev. Felixberto Suani, army captain, is authorized to organize secondary colleges in the Ilocos Provinces and to request the aid and cooperation of local officials.
1899
El Filipino, a newspaper edited by Manuel Artigas y Cuerva of the Republican Committee of Barcelona, is issued in that city.
1945
President Sergio Osmeña, Sr., signs Commonwealth Act No. 701, which appropriates P500,000 for the resumption of the activities and functions relative to the protection of early infancy, maternity, and childbirth. This act makes possible the reorganization of puericulture centers and maternity houses.
1799
Rafael Maria de Aguilar, liberal governor, issues a decree prohibiting the exportation of small silver coins.
1870
Birth of Colonel Quintin Salas, Ilongo revolutionary leader and the last Visayan revolutionist to surrender to the Americans. Died on January 24,, 1917.
1877
Birth of Carlos Ronquillo, Tagalog writer and newspaperman, in Floridablanca, Pampanga. Died on October 18, 1941.
1896
The Madrid authorities receive a telegram from Hongkong informing them that the situation in the Philippines is becoming critical with the rapid spread of the Revolution.
Aguinaldo issues his first two manifestos from Kawit, Cavite. One entitled "Liberty, Equality and Fraternity," in which he defines the aim of the revolution as the attainment of independence and another which announces the formation of a central revolutionary committee for the government of towns under the revolutionary government.
1917
Ramon Avanceña is appointed associate justice of the Supreme Court.
1776
Death of Governor-General Simon de Anda y Salazar at the Hospital de San Felipe, Cavite.
1899
The new marriage law is proclaimed.
1913
Francis Burton Harrison appoints the following Filipinos to the new Commission: Victorino Mapa, Rafael Mapa, Vicente Ilustre, Jaime C. de Veyra, and Vicente Singson Encarnacion.
1919
Flag Day is declared by Governor-General Francis Burton Harrison in accordance with Act No. 2871 of the Philippine Legislature, restoring the use of the Filipino flag.
1866
Birth of Antonio Luna, doctor of pharmacy, writer, patriot, the greatest Filipino strategist during the Filipino-American War, in Binondo, Manila.
1875
A royal provision establishes the faculty of medicine and pharmacy and reorganizes the University of Santo Tomas.
1901
The position of Vice-Governor of each province is created.
1575
Father Martin Rada, Augustinian, and Geronimo Martin arrive in the Philippines from China. With them are three Chinese captains, who bring a letter for the governor-general from the viceroy of Fukien asking for the surrender of Limahong, not knowing that the latter has long left the Philippines.
1888
Marcelo H. del Pillar leaves for Spain to evade persecution by the friars.
1896
Antonio Regidor requests his lawyer in Singapore to rescue Rizal as soon as the ss Colon reaches there from Barcelona.
1897
Aguinaldo calls field commanders to Biyak-na-Bato to decide on a course of action that will challenge Primo de Rivera's refusal to institute reforms. The "War Party," headed by Mamerto Natividad, votes to continue the struggle.
1931
Act No. 3827 is approved by the Philippine Legislature, declaring the last Sunday of August of every year as an official holiday known as National Heroes Day.
1720
By royal decree, Philippine commerce with Nueva España is restricted to 300,000 to 500,000 pesos, and to certain products and manufactured articles, from which are strictly excluded all silken fabrics; the amount of money sent in return is limited to 600,000 pesos; citizens of Nueva España are strictly forbidden to send their own money to the Philippines and various precautions, restrictions, penalties provided. This decree was received at Manila on August 2, 1722.
1868
A decree of the superior civil government orders that pupils may attend school of primary instruction until the age of 18, voluntary beginning at the age of 14.
1899
The Revolutionary Government submits a proposal to send five commissioners to Manila to arrange the release of disabled Spanish prisoners and discuss peace conditions.
1922
Senate President Manuel L. Quezon is inducted into "Legionarios del Trabajo," a labor organization.
1588
A projected revolt under Magat Salamat is dicoverered by the Spanish authorities.
1824
Manila is hit by a severe earthquake and a typhoon
1899
President McKinley sends the following message to the American Commissioners: "The cessation of hostilities must be of the whole archipelago or none. The latter is wholly inadmissible and the former must therefore be required."
1902
Father Aglipay publicly celebrates his first Mass as "Obispo Maximo" of the newly created church on Azcarraga Street corner Ylaya, in Tondo, Manila.
1913
Resurreccion Hidalgo, a great Filipino painter is buried in Barcelona.
1936
Creation of the Court of Industrial Relations to settle disputes between capital and labor.
1944
Simeon de Jesus, colonel of World War II, is arrested in Paco, Manila, by the Japanese military police and imprisoned at Fort Santiago.
1593
The ship of Governor Gomez Perez Dasmariñas is becalmed off Sulphur Point, Batangas. The Chinese rower's under their leader, P'an Ho-wu, mutiny and massacre the sleeping Spaniards, including the Governor.
1762
The officials and residents of Manila are compelled to take the oath of allegiance to King George III, of England.
1845
Sidewalks are ordered laid in Manila by Governor-General Narciso Claveria.
1896
The Academia Militar is founded in Malolos, Bulacan.
1902
Public Act No. 488 is approved appropriating P65,964.00 for the expenditures of civil governments of Mindoro, Batangas and Marinduque.
1944
Units of the American and Japanese naval forces flight in the Battle of Surigao Strait. The Americans are led by Admiral Jesse B. Oldendorf.
1852
Birth of Pedro Serrano Laktaw, teacher, lexicographer, in Cupang, Bulacan, Bulacan.
1857
Birth of Juan Luna, great Filipino painter and patriot. Died on December 7, 1899, in Hongkong.
1874
Birth of Rafael Palma, statesman, educator, scholar, newspaperman, historian and founder of La Independencia, the official newspaper of the Revolution. Died on May 24, 1939.
1898
The Burgos Institute, a school for boys in Malolos, Bulacan founded by Enrique Mendiola, is given official recognition as a secondary college by the government.
1902
Authority is conferred upon the Municipal Board of Manila to grant a franchise for the construction and operation of an electric light, heat and power plant.
1896
Residents of Taal, Lemery, Calaca, and Bayungyungan rise in arms and try to cross the Pansipit river, by way of San Nicolas where the defending garrison is soon joined by reinforcements from Taal. The revolutionaries disperse after a brief skirmish.
1898
The Spanish garrison in Baler, Tayabas (now Quezon) capitulates after holding off for sometime an attack launched by about four hundred Filipinos. The attackers come from Pantabangan, Caranglan, and San Jose de Casiguran and are led by Teodorico Novico.
1944
The Commonwealth Government with President Sergio Osmeña, Sr., as President, is restored at Tacloban, Leyte, by General MacArthur.
Start of the four-day naval battle of Leyte Gulf during which much of Japan's remaining sea power is destroyed.
1820
The bill on the freedom of the press, which provides for the establishment of a board to protect the press in Manila, is passed by the Spanish Cortes.
1897
The Central Revolutionary Committee is created in Hongkong.
1899
Felipe Calderon is asked by General Lawton to help in organizing San Isidro and other towns in the province of Nueva Ecija.
Apolinario Mabini, while vacationing in Rosales, Pangasinan, addresses a manifesto to the Filipino clergy urging them to organize a Filipino National Church.
1949
The cornerstone of the Capitol Building at Constitution Hill, Quezon City, is laid.
1570
Legaspi reports to the Spanish King that Gonzalo Pereira, captain-general of the Portuguese, has again appeared at the Spanish settlement in the Port of Cebu and demolished its fortifications.
1887
In recognition of the progress made in Lipa, Batangas, a royal decree converts the town into a villa possessing special privileges.
1896
Camilio C. de Polavieja becomes Governor-General of the Philippines. The military courts become very active, and many Filipinos held as authors of the conspiracy are executed, among them Rizal; conflicts take place in the provinces of Manila, Bataan, Pampanga, and Batangas; publication of an amnesty and regiments of Filipino volunteers are organized.
1898
Gregorio Aglipay issues a letter to the Filipino clergy urging them to organize themselves into a cohesive body geared to the needs of the national emergency and to create a council which will ask the Pope to appoint Filipinos to all church positions from archbishop down to the lowest parish priest.
The 69th Regiment stationed in Mindanao joins the Revolution in the company of the Engineer corps and some convicts from the penal colonies.
1901
The Bureau of Archives is established to take charge of the public records of the Insular Government.
1939
Francis B. Sayre succeeds J. Weldon Jones as Governor-General of the Philippines.
1944
U.S. Carrier Task Force attacks Luzon and Visayas.
1946
President Manuel A. Roxas approves Republic Act No. 73, calling for a plebiscite on March 11, 1947 to decide on the acceptance or rejection of the proposed amendment, popularly known as "Parity Amendment."
1582
A papal decree is issued for the foundation of an ecclesiastical province of the Dominican order in the Philippines.
1603
The Chinese retreat to the mountains of San Pablo, Laguna, and there make their last stand against the government forces consisting of 200 Spaniards, 300 Japanese, and 1500 Filipinos, under the command of Don Cristobal de Axqueta Moncha.
1863
Birth of General Artemio Ricarte "Vibora," revolutionary leader. Died on July 31, 1945.
1888
Inauguration of the first street-car service, pony-drawn, from Manila to Malabon, by Governor-General Valeriano Weyler.
1894
Andres Bonifacio presides over a meeting of Katipunan directors in Quiapo where Feliciano Jocson, treasurer of the Association, presents a record of the collections submitted to him by the representative-directors of the Supreme Council.
1898
Aguinaldo issues a decree appointing Fr. Gregorio Aglipay Military Vicar General thus makes Aglipay the official religious leader of the revolutionary government.
1906
An Act is approved for the election of the third member of provincial boards, and abolishing the position of provincial secretary.
The sum of P1,134,000 is appropriated for the construction of sewers in the City of Manila.
1944
A famous promise of General Douglas MacArthur, "I shall return" is fulfilled when he and President Sergio Osmeña land in Leyte with the U.S. forces.
1852
The Spanish Queen issues a royal decree authorizing the return of the Jesuits to the Phippines to handle the missions in Mindoro and Jolo.
1856
Birth of Mariano Limjap, businessman and member of the Malolos Congress. Died on March 4, 1926.
1896
Antonio Luna is dismissed as director of the Municipal Laboratory of Manila because of his revolutionary activities.
1898
The Universidad Literaria de Filipinas, the seat of highest learning of the Republic, is established in Malolos, Bulacan, with Dr. Joaquin Gonzales as its first President. He is succeeded by Dr. Leon Ma. Guerrero.
General Elwell S. Otis writes the Secretary of War concerning actual conditions in the Philippines; "Situation somewhat improved. Influence of Filipinos of education and property not desiring independent government, by hostile to Spain, gaining ascendancy in revolutionary councils. Believe Spanish residents constantly plotting to inaugurate hostilities between our forces and Filipinos. Freedom of pres permitted, but greatly abused. Many articles published entirely devoid of truth; have no effect here. Filipino authority crude… Aguninaldo moderately recognized."
1891
Jose Rizal boards the steamer Melbourne in Marseilles bound for Hongkong.
1906
Timber and other forest products for use in the construction and equipment of certain railway lines in the Islands are exempted from internal revenue taxes.
1944
U.S. Carrier Task Forces launch a two-day attack on Northern and Central Philippines.
1950
The Philippine Politburo is smashed with the arrest of 23 top-ranking Filipino communists in Manila.
1581
Bishop Domingo Salazar calls a council of various ecclesiastical dignitaries to discuss the liberation of Filipino slaves held by the Spaniards. This council assails the delay caused by Governor Gonzalo Ronquillo de Peñalosa and other civil officials, in the emancipation of Filipino slaves contrary to the King's order and declares "the freedom of the Filipinos can not be deferred as it is a matter of natural and divine right and clear justice."
1785
A Royal decree rules that the cabezas de barangay be elected if they preserve their Cabecerias and the collection of tributes.
1846
The Social Security, a voluntary association for social security, is founded.
1857
Birth of Dr. Maximo Viola, the friend of Rizal who is responsible for financing the publication of the Noli. Died on September 3, 1933.
1902
Father Gregorio Aglipay proclaims the establishment of a new religious sect in Manila to be known as the "Aglipayan Church." Aglipay formally separates himself from Rome and celebrates Mass as the "Obispo Maximo of the Philippine Independent Church."
1933
The Philippine Independence Act, otherwise known as the Hares-Hawes-Cutting Act, is rejected by the Philippine Legislature. Objections are made to the provisions of the law regarding American-Philippine Trade relations, which are disadvantageous to the Philippines and to the retention of naval reservations by the United States, a step which violates the national dignity and sovereignty.
1844
Birth of Florentino Torres, jurist, and second chief justice of the Supreme Court, in Sta. Cruz, Manila. Died on April 29, 1927.
1897
General Primo de Rivera issues a decree calling for Filipino volunteers in all provinces of Luzon and the Visayas and in all districts of Mindanao. These volunteers must be able-bodied and between the ages of 18 and 50. They will be armed and equipped at the expense of the government and will receive reasonable salaries.
1899
Emilio Aguinaldo, after conferring with an assembly of public officials, writes Mabini seeking advice on the practicability of sending a new peace commission and the wisdom of insisting on complete independence or compromising on a protectorate.
1907
The first Philippine Assembly is inaugurated by the United States Secretary of War, William H. Taft.
1916
In accordance with the provisions of the Jones Law, the new Philippine Legislature, consisting of an upper and a lower house or Senate and House of Representatives, meets for the first time. Sergio Osmeña is elected Speaker of the House and Manuel L. Quezon, President of the Senate.
1918
Governor-General Francis Burton Harrison creates the Council of State by Executive Order No. 37, to secure cooperation and harmony between the Department and the Legislature. This body is composed of the Secretaries of Departments, the Senate President, and the Speaker of the House. Its function is to advise the governor-general on important matters.
1947
The Turtle Islands, part of the Philippines, by virtue of the Treaty of Paris of December 10, 1898 and leased by the Sultan of Sulu for many years to the British North Borneo Company is transferred to the Republic of the Philippines.
1566
The vessel San Geronimo arrives at Cebu from New Spain. Sent to aid Legaspi, it saw hardship, mutinies, deaths, and other calamities and arrives in such a poor condition that no smaller vessel could be made from it. A number of its men die from eating too much cinnamon.
1866
Birth of Manuel Artigas y Cuerva, scholar, biographer, journalist, historian and bibliographer, in Tacloban, Leyte. Died on April 2, 1925.
1900
The sum of P1,000,000 is appropriated for the improvement of the Port of Manila, the Canal, and the Pasig River.
1901
The Taft Commission reports that "the insurrection" still continues in Batangas, Samar, Cebu and some parts of Laguna and Tayabas provinces.
1902
The Constabulary Band is organized by Captain Walker Loving.
1825
Mariano Ricafort y Abarca assumes office as Governor-General of the Philippines. He forbids foreigners to sell goods at retail.
1896
Some 151 Filipinos board the s.s. Manila bound for Cartegena, from which point they are to be transferred to Fernando Poo, where, by order of Governor-General Blanco, they are to serve their sentence in exiles, by reason of their involvement in the Revolution.
1899
The Gaceta de Filipinas issues its last number. It started as El Heraldo de la Revolucion, the organ of the Revolutionary Government, the first number of which came out September 29, 1898 was changed successively to Heraldo Filipino, to Indice Oficial, and finally to Gaceta de Filipinos.
1943
Inauguration of the Japanese-sponsored Republic of the Philippines with Dr. Jose P. Laurel as President.
The first foreign treaty concluded by the Philippine Republic, the Japan-Philippine Pact of Alliance providing for political and economic cooperation between Japan and the Philippines, and also for military cooperation, is signed in Malacañang.
1868
Birth of Teresa Magbanua, the first woman in the Visayas to fight for Philippine independence. She died in August 1947.
1898
Juan Luna leaves Singapore on board the German steamer Sachsen for Hongkong to confer with the Hongkong Junta.
1930
Benigno Ramos releases printed newspaper, called The Sakdal. The original purpose of the Sakdalistas and their paper, is to accuse high government officials of acts which they declare to be detrimental to the country and the people.
1868
Birth of General Mariano Trias, Revolutionary leader and Vice-President of the Revolutinary Government, in San Francisco de Malabon, now General Trias, Cavite. Died on February 22, 1914.
1894
The Boletin de Museo Biblioteca de Filipinas is founded by Pedro A. Paterno with the permission of the civil authorities.
1935
The Legislature meets in joint session and publicly counts the votes cast for the President and Vice-President of the Philippines, certifying the results to the Governor-General.
1947
Corregidor, which was occupied by the Japanese on May 6, 1942 and retaken by the Americans on March 2, 1945, is turned over to the Republic of the Philippines.
1719
Governor-General Fernando de Bustamante is murdered in his palace by a mob led by friars.
1896
Governor-General Ramon Blanco issues a circular to all provincial governor outlining a "policy of attraction." He urges the provincial governors not to arrest persons unless there is serious evidence of guilt in order to impress the people with Spain's leniency and to restore tranquility and normal conditions.
1898
The Manila Times, the first American daily, founded by Thomas Gowan, starts publication.
1899
The transport Columbia arrives at Manila.
The Americans capture San Isidro, Nueva Ecija. President Aguinaldo transfers the capital of the Republic to Tarlac and, shortly thereafter, to Bayambang, the last capital of our independent government.
1900
In Manila a meeting is held between General Mariano Trias and the Japanese Consul who advises that Trias visit Japan. Many Filipinos believe that concessions which they might be forced to make to Washington would be more agreeable if made to Japan, as "a nation of kindred blood would not be likely to assert superiority". The Consul says Japan desires a coaling station and freedom to trade and build railways.
1944
U.S. Carrier Task Force attacks Aparri, Luzon.